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Tourists doing what tourists do!

During the holiday season, the downtown merchants decorate their storefronts with lights and boughs of spruce and pine. The town government wraps the trees and antler arches in the square with thousands of LED lights. On any given night, you can find tourists and a few locals milling around in downtown Jackson. They will be window shopping, eating, and generally having a good time. Numerous shops stay open late to cater to the visitors. I like to go downtown a few times each winter and try to capture some of the ambiance and “action”. As the night progresses, the families head back to their hotel or condo and the party crowds begin taking their places. I have a great time taking the photos, and if nothing else, readers at Best of the Tetons can get a quick glimpse of the night life and lights in downtown Jackson during the busy and festive holiday season.

Photo Review. The guy took a shot of the girl and then the two checked it out. (1/50th second)

Dad and Stroller. This one has a very short pan to try to keep the face in focus. Doing so slightly blurs the lights.  (1/20th second)

A Ghost Crossing. The town leaves the lights on the Square up well into January. Similar to the last image, this one has a short pan and a fast moving, close subject. (1/8th second)

Festive Street Crossing. This scene is repeated hundreds of times nightly at each corner. I prefer going out for shots like this following a good snowfall. As you can see, the ground is white, picking up light from the various sources and allowing subtle details to emerge that would be lost if the streets and walkways are dark. (1/30th second)

Zoomed Neon Sign. Exposed neon is against the town sign ordinance except for a few historic old signs like the one over the Million Dollar Cowboy Bar. (.4 second)

Zoomed Classic Bulbed Sign.  I angled this one a bit and zoomed over a longer exposure. (.4 second)

Posers! Good times in Jackson Hole. Occasionally, they see me set up across the street and willingly express their approval. (1/15th second)

Antler Arches: I added Topaz Star Effects in post production. I’ve taken similar photos before using a star filter on the lens at the time of capture. (1/2th second)

Out of Focus Arch: Experimental shot of the NW arch. (1/4th second)

Standard Shot of Antler Arches with Posing Tourists. It seems just about every tourist stops to get their shot under one of the four antler arches. (1/5th second)

I Love Big Tetons. This shot is even more funny if you know the French translation for Tetons. (1/20th second)

Youngsters Inside. I was standing outside Lee’s Tees and swung my camera around to capture these two young girls.  (1/50th second)

Father and Son. All you have to do is set up at about any corner and wait. The subjects magically appear! This Dad told me he had a D3s and would like to get a D4 or D4s. (1/30th second)

Thumbs Up. Another typical group photo under the arches. (1/13th second)

Shooting Info: I set up a tripod to help with the very slow shutter speeds, then just worked my way around the square. These images were captured with a Nikon D4 and a 70-200mm lens.  I usually keep the ISO relatively low (400-640) and concentrate more on the essence of the shot and not so much on whether they are tack sharp. Some are taken at speeds as low as 1/4th of a second with the lens wide open at F/2.8. I like to let people walk through the lights. If I do it right, I get a recognizable human figure with just the right amount of motion blur. In between the tourist shots, I also like to experiment on photos of the neon signs and downtown lights. I took all of these images on a cold, clear night. I’d like to go back another night and shoot similar images during a snow storm. There might be less people out, but the shots could be very interesting.

Note: These are candid images taken from the streets of Jackson Hole. If anyone sees a photo of themselves or family members that you would prefer not to be displayed, please let me know and I will remove it immediately.

Here are a few earlier Feature Posts from Downtown Jackson:

• The Historic Town Square in Jackson Hole:
• Photographers on the Square:
• Christmas Lights! A Few Images From the Jackson Town Square

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The Cold Realities and Exciting Possibilities of Winter Photography in GTNP.

There are generally two entities at play. First: The weather. Snowfall, cold temperatures and short days are big players. Second: The National Park Service and Bridger-Teton National Forest. They establish closure rules and decide which roads are plowed. I guess you could suggest a third one might be the lack of demand or volume of tourists, but that would probably be a stretch.

This is my second Winter season writing posts for Best of the Tetons. There are numerous related posts specifically written about the season along with the associated Daily Updates pages. (Check the links at the bottom of the page).  The purpose of this Feature Post is to concentrate on the span of time from mid-December to early April.  That’s when most of the region is firmly in the grip of the winter snow pack and when many access roads are cut off.  It is also when large chunks of the area are closed to human activity for wildlife protection and habitat.

Snake River Overlook is open year round. It is one of the few winter locations where you can get a good foreground and a vista view. In years past, many people took photos over the beautiful old buck rail fences in front of Triangle X Ranch, but last year, the Park Service tore them down and replaced them with a rather ugly barbed wire fence. It’s just not the same!

Schwabacher Landing is a great area to use as an example for this post. It is one of the most popular areas of the park when it’s open. Countless thousands of photos are taken there every single day. After the first good snowfall, the Park Service locks the gate. Several areas, like Schwabacher Landing and Antelope Flats Road are gated as soon as weather conditions make it dangerous or if the road becomes impassable. Schwabacher can close as early as Thanksgiving or even before. The area is still open until December 15th, but you have to hike in from the highway. There isn’t much of a parking area at the top of the hill, so except for a few hardy souls, you might call it closed.

After December 15th, no activity is allowed in the river bottom (North of Moose) at all. While that might sound like a loss, I don’t really think of it that way. The pond and streams at Schwabacher Landing would have already frozen over, eliminating most reflections. It still might be photogenic, but not in the same way as summer and fall. Additionally, almost all wildlife will have left the area, moving south towards the Gros Ventre River or into the National Elk Refuge. Snow is simply too deep for them.

The Moose-Wilson Road is still open from Moose to the Death Canyon road junction. I drive that three or four mile section several times each Winter. In much the same way, you learn quickly we are not missing that much by not having access to some of the other areas. The snow is deep and there are few animals. You can strap on your snow shoes and hike around in many areas, but scenic vistas are limited there. Great Gray Owls and Horned Owls “could” be there, but I never see them. Snow is too deep for them to hunt for active mice and voles. They move to areas of the valley where they can dive through the snow to the unsuspecting prey.

Three major arteries are severed during the “dead of Winter”. Actually, one of them closes from November 1st to May 1st. The Teton Park Road (Inner Park Loop Road) closes at the Taggart Lake trail head to Signal Mountain resort area. The Park Service closes the road to vehicle travel during those dates regardless of whether there is any snow on the road or issues of through travel. The other artery is Antelope Flats Road. It closes following the first big snow after hunting season. This year, the road was locked sometime in the week prior to Christmas.  The Moose-Wilson road also closes between November 1st and May 1st between the Death Canyon road junction and the South entrance station near Teton Village. A lot of smaller side roads are closed, but those three effectively create a series of one-way-up and one-way-back trips. Cross country skiing and show shoe travel is still permitted in all three areas.

The weather is also a factor. During this period, there will almost always be a layer of snow on the ground. Jackson Hole can get 400″ of snowfall during a winter. It takes snow shoes or cross country skis to get around if you want to leave the roads. That’s plenty doable. But, it can be cold…brutally and dangerously cold! Wind can multiply the effect. Winter is often harder on equipment, especially batteries! This page has a few maps, closure areas, and some tips for winter photography: Winter in the Tetons: Tips for travel and photography.

So, why come here in the Winter?

It could easily sound like there are just too many cards stacked against a visitor or photographer. Winter photography is not for everyone! It is usually harder. It’s colder. It’s often less predictable. But, the “dark clouds can have a silver lining”.  There are far fewer photographers out taking photos on any average winter day. When you find something good, there won’t be a lot of other people taking the same images. The landscape itself is entirely different than during the green days of summer, or even the golden days of fall. Days are short, so you don’t have to get up as early or stay out as late. Light is usually good for photography all of the daylight hours, a result of the sun being low in the sky. Sunrise and sunsets can last a little longer for the same reason. Some animals hibernate, but the remaining wintering wildlife is pressed into much smaller areas—and some of those areas are right next to the road. I live in town, so knowing the much of the wildlife is in the south end of the valley, I don’t have to drive as far as in the summer. That saves time and gasoline.

During the spring and summer, many of the large animals shed their winter coat. Moose, deer, foxes, sheep, elk, bison, and so forth can look terribly shaggy and unappealing for a whole month. During the winter months, the coats on the same animals are bright, long, and sometimes flowing.

I can get “tunnel vision” at times and forget there many more attractions in the valley, like downhill skiing, snowboarding, cross-country skiing, shoe shoeing. snowmobiling, sled dog tours, sleigh rides, and…well the list goes on and on! I write this blog for all, so I try to include the other activities on the blog once in a while whether I am a participant or just a viewer. I titled this post “The Dead of Winter”, but Jackson Hole is far from dead in the Winter!

The “Tapestry of the Seasons”: As the preceding paragraph suggests, there’s a lot to see and do here. As the last of the leaves fall to the ground in the fall, the area begins its transition into winter. The landscape changes—sometimes overnight—and sometimes gradually. Wildlife opportunities often occur or unfold like chapters in a book. One heats up as other opportunities cool down. Some overlap. For example, I spend a lot of time photographing moose in the fall. I love it! But, in other areas of the park, elk are in their rut period and bears are just finished polishing off the last of the berries. An owl might make an appearance at any time and “steal” some time from moose and landscape photography. As the moose move out to the sage flats, bison move into the south end of the park. Deer and pronghorns begin their annual rut. By late November, bighorns move onto Miller Butte and Trumpeter Swans return to the valley in large numbers. By late December, moose move away from the roads and the bulls lose their antlers, but that’s okay. Swans and Bighorns fill the void. That’s about the same time to start watching for river otters, foxes, and owls again. And so it goes. By late January, the fur on most of the bighorns are beginning to bleach out, yet that’s about the same time some of the mountain goats show up in the Snake River canyon. Berry eating birds like Cedar Waxwings, Pine Grosbeaks, and Bohemian Waxwings often migrate through the valley during the winter months, filling in small voids, or offering a break from the other action. Before long, you look up and snow is melting and the animals begin moving around. A whole new season is ready to change the valley again. You might not recognize it initially, but each season has its own tapestry and it repeats itself with an amazing amount of predictability.

Back to that “Cold Reality” thing: Okay. If you read that last paragraph, you might think its easy to get images here daily. Well, in some respects it might be. If you look over the Daily Updates pages, you can see I can usually bring home some shots for the blog. And, I should probably note I am usually only out for a little while each day. I like making the blog posts about as much as taking the photos, so if things are slow, I start thinking I should be back at the office wring a new Feature Post.

Some days are down right miserable in the winter. When the wind is howling and the temperatures are hovering at -10°F, it takes a special kind of dedication to open the door of the vehicle and endure those kinds of winter conditions. On some days, I have more of that kind of dedication in me than others. A little snow falling down is actually a plus. Too much can be a negative. Fairly often, the winter light is flat, gray, and dull. On most of those days, you can’t see the mountains, so there’s limited chances for the massive vista shots. If the light is good, or if there is an animal close, I can endure about anything for a while. I like taking photos of the old barns along Mormon Row. I have thousands of photos of each of them. Once the road is closed, it’s a 3/4 mile snow shoe hike from the parking area to the first barn. I can handle that. But for sunrise shots, that means leaving the vehicle roughly 45-60 minutes earlier, and when it’s -10° or lower, the hike with a tripod and gear is a long one. Throw in some wind and it can be dangerous. This is definitely a cold reality! The Chapel of the Transfiguration is open to visitors in the Winter, but you have to hike in from the main road. Issues there are much the same as hiking into the Mormon Row barns.

Some people make it look easy, but you have to look past that and understand they make it look easy by working at it long and hard. Mother Nature seems to pay off in a big way if you are willing to put in the time. You just never know when you’ll come around a bend and find a red fox standing only 25 yards off the road and will spend the next thirty minutes mousing for you. Winter photography is the season when you have the opportunity to get your most unique images, but you get them at the expense of some cold toes, fingers, ears, and a few days mixed in where nothing seems to want to pan out. There’s always “something” to photograph. It takes a certain discipline to be looking for unique “small shots”, even when you’d like to be getting the “big shots”. It’s amazing how often the latter will emerge while thinking small initially.

People reading my Daily Updates in December of 2014 will recognize the section below. I wrote it mainly for the wildlife viewers, knowing the landscapes pretty much stay in the same place.

Settled into Winter:

Most of the winter months offer similar opportunities for both wildlife and landscapes: Dec: 2014 | Nov: 2013  | Dec: 2013 |  Jan: 2014 .

Suggested “Opportunities”: Right now, here are my top spots to check out. Some will be a bit of a gamble, but they might also pay off in a big way if you hit it right:

• Flat Creek Observation Deck: Look for Swans:, Geese, and Ducks.
• Boyles Hill Swan Pond & Swans Along Flat Creek:
• Miller Butte: Look for Bighorns and a herd of around 45 Pronghorns.
• Gros Ventre River: Look for Moose , Bald Eagles, Elk, and Bison there.
• Kelly Area: Look for Mule Deer at the edges of town and around the Shane Cabins. Also, watch for Pine Grosbeaks in aspens of the winding “S” turns to the Cabin.
• Alpine Junction: Watch for Mountain Goats near the mouth of the canyon.
• Camp Creek along the Hoback River: Check out Bighorns along the road.
• Sleigh Ride on the National Elk Refuge:  Best winter deal in the valley!

Previous Winter Related Posts:

Winter: (after the leaves fall until the snow melts)

• Winter in the Tetons: Tips for travel and photography.
• If I Had Only One Winter Day in the Tetons:
• Sleigh Ride on the National Elk Refuge:
• Mountain Goats of the Snake River Canyon:
• Bighorns of Miller Butte
• Winter Wonderland: March 1st
• Late November Images: Some of My “Keepers”
• Winter: Jackson Hole Outdoor Activities and Events
• Jackson Hole Cutter Races: February 15th & 16th
• December “Keeper” Images
• A December Morning Along Mormon Row:
• Christmas Lights! A Few Images From the Jackson Town Square
• Helpful Links and Resources: Weather Reports, Web Cams and Ski Reports have links in the right navigation bar, but this page has many additional links.
• Winter Closures: Many areas are closed during the Winter months. Click the link, scroll to the Winter section and look for the Winter closure maps.

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A Step By Step Using Photoshop and Topaz Star Filters

I created this image for our virtual Christmas Card this year using a few basic Photoshop techniques and one third party filter from Topaz. Obviously, I didn’t go out and staple lights all over the historic barn! A couple of people asked about the steps, so here goes!

Base Image: The clouds pulled away from the peaks for a few minutes one night last month. I managed to get a few shots at the John Moulton Barn before they clouded back over. I was there a little while before the full moon actually rose, so the sky lacked most of the normal night stars. The light of the moon lit the distant mountains and peaks. I used a 2 million candle power flashlight to add a little light to the barn, fence and snow. (click on these images to see them quite a bit larger)

Light Detail: This is a tight crop to show the steps better. I created a New Blank Layer above the Background Layer, then adjusted my brush to create small white dots around the edges of the barn. I did this manually by just clicking where I wanted a dot.

Outer Glow: I did this step quickly by double clicking on the “fx” icon at the bottom of the layer tab for the Lights layer.  I chose the Outer Glow style.

Outer Glow Layer Style: This screen grab shows my settings. I changed the original pale yellow color to a soft red color. When satisfied, I click the OK button.

Preparing for the Topaz Star Effects: After hitting the OK button, I had a soft glow of red around my original white centers. I tried applying the Topaz Star Filter on the layer with the white dots and glow, but the filter had to be applied to an image with full data. There are several ways of merging all underlying layers to a new layer. Here’s one: Select All (control A), click on the top layer, then go to Edit>Copy Merged. Then hit Control-V to paste the merged layer to a new layer. In my case, I did a keyboard shortcut: Control-Alt-Shift-E. With that new merged layer selected, I clicked the Filter Pull Down menu and chose Topaz Star Effects. I chose Starry Night 1, then adjusted the settings to four points, angle to 45°, and varied the size and luminance in the Main Settings for Starry Night. When satisfied, I hit the Apply Button. (Note: the actual settings I used might be different than what you might use). The final results are shown in the image above. Also, this filter will add a star to any white object. In my case, I had a few specular highlights in the snow. I created a “Layer Mask” for the star layer and painted out the stray stars.

For some purposes, this might be the completed image.

I added a few lines of text with a drop shadow. Each line was added as a new layer with it’s own drop shadow layer effect. I saved the layered image for the future in case I wanted to make changes, then flattened the entire image to create a 1400 pixel wide image for web purposes, saving it with a new JPG file name. I was happy enough with it initially, but decided to add a star in the sky a day later.

I made a copy of the new flattened layer, then used a filter included in Photoshop to create the star. This one is slightly hidden. I went to Render>Lens Flare. I tried all of them, but ended up using Movie Prime at about 53%. There’s no telling where the initially flare will be located over the thumbnail image. I just dragged the X to the spot I wanted it to hit in the image before hitting OK.

The lens flare added a couple of extremely long blue horizontal lines and a couple of long diagonal lines. Again, I created a layer mask for the lens flare layer and painted them away using black in the layer mask.

For anyone familiar with Photoshop’s layers and layer masks, this screen grab will tell you a lot about the steps. For most people reading and trying to decipher these steps, they may sound like a lot of work and would take a lot of time, but in fact the whole thing took less than 15 minutes and part of that was experimenting the the various options for some of the filters.

Same Effect: Different Spot! For the reflected bulbs, I did a lasso selection around the tree, then hit Control J to copy them to a new layer. I transformed that layer, flipping over the horizontal axis and moving it into position. I created a layer mask to cover up the bulbs over the land. I did a motion blur on the reflected bulbs. The bright star in this case is a single white dot run through the Topaz Star Effects filter. Note: It would be easy enough to do a multi-colored set of lights by making several different layers with a different color outer glow on each. You could also vary the size and intensity of different lights using different layers. There are usually several ways of achieving similar effects in Photoshop. Using Outer Glow in the fx layer styles made sense. Lastly, I could have make “Smart Filters” for the various filters to recall them and adjust the effects. On a real project, I probably would take the extra (quick) step.

Power User? I didn’t do it on either of these two images (mainly trying to keep it simple), but you can make a custom brush that fluctuates in size with each click. The amount of fluctuation is controlled by a “jitter” command—something you have control over. The adjusted custom brush can be saved for future use, too.  Also of note, once a layer has a Layer Effect applied to it, any object added to the layer will get the same effect. Knowing that, all I really needed to do originally was to make one dot (white light), apply the Layer Effect (red outer glow), and the start adding dots. Each one would then have the red glow. You can edit a Layer Effect by double clicking it in the layer tab. Lastly, you can copy a Layer Effect to another layer by Alt-clicking it and dragging the effect to a new layer. When on that new layer, all you’d have to do is double click the Layer Effect (outer glow) and change the color of the glow. I mentioned it earlier, but there are almost always several ways of achieving the same or similar results in Photoshop.

Beautiful lighting effects with Topaz Star Effects

Click the link above to see Topaz Star Effects. You can try it for 30 days and buy it for $29.99. There are several tutorials on using the filter at their site, too. MJ

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